implement
Implement (verb) /ˈɪm.plə.ment/:To start using a plan, system, or law. LV: ieviest, īstenot.To put a decision or agreement into effect. LV: realizēt, izpildīt.Example sentences:The government plans to implement new tax laws starting next January.It can be difficult(...)
implementation
Implementation (noun) /ˌɪm.plə.menˈteɪ.ʃən/:The act of starting to use a plan, system, or law. LV: ieviešana, īstenošana.The process of putting a decision or design into effect. LV: realizācija.Example sentences:The implementation of the new security protocol took three(...)
impose
impose (verb):Rules/Laws: to officially force a rule, tax, or punishment to be obeyed.Beliefs: to force someone to accept your ideas or way of life.synonyms: enforce, dictate, inflict, foist, burden. pronunciation: /ɪmˈpəʊz/translation: uzlikt (piem. nodokli), uzspiest(...)
Impression
impression (noun) /ɪmˈpreʃ.ən/:An idea, feeling, or opinion about something or someone, especially one formed without conscious thought or on the basis of little evidence. LV: iespaids.The way that something seems, looks, or feels to a particular person. LV:(...)
in charge of
In charge of (idiom/phrase)Having the responsibility for something or someone; in a position of authority or control. LV: atbildīgs par, vadīt, būt priekšgalā.Example sentences:She was put in charge of the entire marketing department after only two years at the company.Who(...)
insist
insist (verb):to say firmly that something is true, especially when other people do not believe you.to demand that something must happen or that someone must do something, and not accept "no" for an answer.synonyms: demand, maintain, assert, command, persist.pronunciation:(...)
intense
intense (adjective): (of a person) having a very strong personality, characterized by deep emotions, extreme focus, and a serious or forceful way of behaving. synonyms: driven, passionate, profound, fierce, earnestpronunciation: /ɪnˈtɛns/ translation: intensīvs, spēcīgs, dedzīgs(...)
involve
Involve (verb) /ɪnˈvɑːlv/:To include someone or something as a necessary part or result. LV: ietvert, iesaistīt, nozīmēt.To cause someone to take part in an activity or situation. LV: iesaistīt (kādā darbībā).Example sentences:The new job will involve a lot of traveling(...)
k
keep oneself to oneself
keep oneself to oneself (idiom): to live a quiet life and avoid spending much time with other people; to be private or unsocial.synonyms: stay private, be a loner, keep your distance.pronunciation: /kiːp wʌnˈsɛlf tuː wʌnˈsɛlf/translation: dzīvot savrupu dzīvi / norobežoties no(...)
l
laid-back
laid-back (adjective): relaxed and easy-going; not easily worried or stressed by difficulties or other people's behavior. synonyms: relaxed, easy-going, mellow, nonchalant, low-maintenance. pronunciation: /ˌleɪd ˈbæk/ translation: mierīgs, relaksēts, "bezstresa" example: I(...)
lean forward
Lean forward (phrasal verb) /liːn ˈfɔːr.wərd/Translations (LV)Noliekties uz priekšu: Fiziska kustība.Būt proaktīvam: Izrādīt interesi, iniciatīvu vai gatavību rīkoties.Examples"The manager leaned forward to get a closer look at the blueprints for the fire(...)
light up
light up (phrasal verb): to suddenly become bright with light, or to show a sudden emotion like happiness or excitement on one's face. synonyms: brighten, illuminate, glow, beam. pronunciation: /laɪt ʌp/ translation: izgaismot, iedegties or atplaukt priekā example: the sky(...)
lighten up
lighten up (phrasal verb): to become less serious or worried; to stop being so annoyed or stressed about something. synonyms: relax, cheer up, take it easy, loosen up. pronunciation: /ˈlaɪtn ʌp/ translation: atslābt, kļūt dzīvespriecīgākam, uztvert lietas mierīgāk example: You(...)
littering
littering (verb - gerund): the act of leaving rubbish or trash in a public place instead of putting it in a bin.synonyms: dropping trash, polluting, fouling.pronunciation: /ˈlɪtərɪŋ/translation: piemēslošana, mēslošanaexample: Many cities have introduced strict laws and(...)
loner
loner (noun): a person who prefers to be alone or who has few friends; someone who avoids the company of others. synonyms: recluse, solitary, lone wolf, introvert. pronunciation: /ˈləʊnə/ translation: vienpatis, savrupnieks example: He was always a bit of a loner at school,(...)
m
Machiavellianism
Machiavellianism (noun) /ˌmækiəˈvɛliənɪzəm/:The use of clever but often dishonest methods that deceive people so that you can win power or control. LV: makiavelisms (viltīga, negodprātīga rīcība mērķu sasniegšanai).In psychology, a personality trait characterized by being(...)
mainly
mainly (adverb) /ˈmeɪn.li/Translations (LV)Galvenokārt / lielākoties: Lielākajā daļā gadījumu vai attiecībā uz svarīgāko daļu.Pamatā: Norādot uz galveno iemeslu vai sastāvdaļu.ExamplesGeneral: "The new office layout is mainly designed to encourage collaboration(...)
mitigation
Mitigation (noun) /ˌmɪt.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/:The action of reducing the severity, seriousness, or painfulness of something. LV: mazināšana, mīkstināšana.The process of making a mistake or a bad situation less damaging. LV: seku novēršana.Example sentences:The city invested in better(...)
n
naïve
naïve (adjective): lacking experience, wisdom, or judgment; often used to describe someone who is too willing to believe that people are good or that life is simple. synonyms: innocent, unsophisticated, gullible, idealistic, green. pronunciation: /naɪˈiːv/ translation: naivs,(...)
native
Native (adjective / noun) /ˈneɪ.tɪv/Translations (LV)Dzimtais: (valoda, zeme) kas pieder pie dzimšanas vietas.Vietējais: kas dabiski aug vai dzīvo noteiktā vietā.Iebūvēts: (tehnikā) kas ir specifisks konkrētai sistēmai vai videi.Examples1. Language &(...)
neglect
neglect (noun): the state of not being cared for properly or the act of failing to give enough attention to something. synonyms: disregard, abandonment, carelessness, oversight. pronunciation: /nɪˈɡlekt/ translation: nolaidība, nevērība, pamešana novārtā example: The historic(...)
neglected
neglected (adjective): not receiving enough care or attention. synonyms: abandoned, ignored, disregarded, derelict. pronunciation: /nɪˈɡlektɪd/ translation: hroniski neievērots, pamests novārtā, nolaists example: the garden was neglected for years and was completely overgrown(...)
nightmare
nightmare (noun) /ˈnaɪt.mer/Translations (LV)Murgs: Briesmīgs sapnis.Liels pārdzīvojums / šausmas: Ļoti nepatīkama, sarežģīta vai biedējoša situācija.Examples"I had a recurring nightmare about being back in school and failing an exam.""The traffic during the(...)
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objective
objective (noun) /əbˈdʒek.tɪvz/Definition - a "target" or a "result" that you want to reach. It is something you plan to do or finish.Translation: mērķi, uzdevumiExamplesMy objective is to pass the English exam next week.Our objective is to finish the report by(...)
occur
Occur (verb) /əˈkɜːr/:To happen or take place. LV: notikt, gadīties.To exist or be found in a particular place or situation. LV: būt sastopamam.Example sentences:The accident occurred at approximately 3:00 PM yesterday.These minerals occur naturally in the mountains of(...)
occurrence
Occurrence (noun) /əˈkʌr.əns/:Something that happens; an event or incident. LV: gadījums, notikums.The fact or frequency of something happening or existing. LV: sastopamība, biežums.Example sentences:A power cut is a rare occurrence in this part of the city.The(...)
on-the-spot
on-the-spot(adj/adv) /ˌɒn.ðəˈspɒt/Similar to: immediate; instant; spontaneous; extemporaneousDefinition: something that happens immediately, without any waiting or preparation.Translation: uz vietas, tūlītējs, bez sagatavošanāsExamples: "The manager gave him an on-the-spot job offer after(...)
p
pavement
pavement (noun): the flat path at the side of a road for people to walk on. synonyms: sidewalk, footpath, walkway. pronunciation: /ˈpeɪvmənt/ translation: ietve, trotuārs example: The city is cleaning the pavements to make the streets look better for tourists. other words(...)
pillar
Pillar (noun) /ˈpɪl.ər/:A tall, strong vertical post used to support a roof or as a decoration. LV: pīlārs, balsts, stabs.A person or thing that provides essential support for an idea, organization, or community. LV: balsts, pamatakmens (pārnesta nozīme).A fundamental part or(...)
pitfall
pitfall (noun) /ˈpɪt.fɔːl/Similar to: trap; hazard; danger; drawback; snagDefinition: a hidden or unexpected danger or difficulty that is likely to happen in a particular activity or situation.Translation: lamatas, neprātība, slēpts risks, klupšanas akmensExamples: "The book provides advice(...)
predicate
Explanation: The part of a sentence that includes the verb and tells what the subject is or does.Pronunciation: /ˈpredɪkət/Translation: IzteicējsExample: In the sentence "The dog ran quickly to the park," the bold part is the predicate.
preservation
Preservation (noun) /ˌprez.əˈveɪ.ʃən/:The act of keeping something the same or preventing it from being damaged or destroyed. LV: saglabāšana, aizsargāšana.The process of treating food or organic material to prevent it from decaying. LV: konservēšana.The maintenance of a building(...)
pressure
pressure (noun): a feeling of stress or urgency caused by the need to achieve something. synonyms: force, strain, stress, weight, burden. pronunciation: /ˈpreʃə/ translation: spiediens, spriedze, slogs example: The team is under a lot of pressure to win the final game of the(...)
Prick up your ears
prick up your ears (idiom): to suddenly start listening very carefully because you have heard something interesting, surprising, or important.synonyms: listen intently, be all ears, pay close attentionpronunciation: /prɪk ʌp jɔːr ɪərz/ translation: saspicēt ausis example: The(...)
prickly
prickly (adjective): (of a person) easily annoyed, offended, or sensitive to criticism; also used to describe something covered in prickles or thorns. synonyms: touchy, irritable, thorny pronunciation: /ˈprɪkli/ translation: dzēlīgs, aizkaitināms, "ass" (raksturā) example: You(...)
principled
principled (adjective): based on or acting in accordance with strong moral beliefs and high standards of behavior. synonyms: ethical, upright, honorable, righteous, moral. pronunciation: /ˈprɪnsəpəld/ translation: principiāls, godprātīgs, stingru principu cilvēks example: She(...)
prone
prone (adjective): likely to suffer from, do, or experience something, typically something negativesynonyms: susceptible, liable, inclined. pronunciation: /prəʊn/ translation: tieksme uz kaut ko / uzņēmīgs pret kaut ko example: For such a big city, it is surprisingly prone to(...)
provenance
Provenance (noun) /ˈprɒv.ən.əns/:The place of origin or earliest known history of something. LV: izcelsme, izcelsmes vieta.A record of ownership of a work of art or an antique, used as a guide to authenticity or quality. LV: provenience (mākslas priekšmeta(...)
provide
Provide: To give someone something that they need or want.Synonyms: give, offer, supply, prepare.Pronunciation: /prəˈvaɪd/Translation: Nodrošināt or sniegtPart of Speech: VerbExample: The school will provide all the books you need for the course.Other words from(...)
put it down to
put it down to (phrasal verb): to believe that something is the result of a specific situation or reason. pronunciation: /pʊt ɪt daʊn tuː/ translation: norakstīt uz (kaut ko) / uzskatīt par iemeslu example: The team's poor performance was bad, but the coach decided to put it down(...)
r
randomly
randomly (adverb): in a way that happens by chance rather than according to a plan.synonyms: by chance, accidentally, aimlessly.pronunciation: /ˈrændəmli/translation: nejauši/ pēc nejaušības principaexample: the computer chooses a winner randomly from the list of names.(...)
read up on
read up on (phrasal verb) /riːd ʌp ɒn/To read a lot about a particular subject in order to learn about it or become an expert. LV: izpētīt, palasīt par kādu tēmu, iepazīties ar literatūru.Example sentences:I need to read up on the new data protection regulations before our(...)
real buzz
real buzz (noun phrase): a feeling of great excitement, energy, or pleasure.synonyms: thrill, rush, excitement.pronunciation: /riːəl bʌz/translation: liels satraukums/ patīkams satraukumsexample: There was a real buzz in the office after the team won the award.other(...)
reasonably
reasonably (adverb):in a way that is fair, sensible, or shows good judgment.to a satisfactory level; "fairly" or "quite"; good enoughat a price that is not too expensive; at a fair cost.synonyms: sensibly, logically, moderately, fairly, affordably. pronunciation:(...)
reduce
reduce (verb): to make something smaller or less in size, amount, degree, or importance.synonyms: decrease, lessen, diminish, cut, curtail. pronunciation: /rɪˈdjuːs/ translation: samazināt, mazināt, reducēt example: The company is trying to reduce its carbon footprint by(...)
redundancy
Redundancy (noun) /rɪˈdʌn.dən.si/:The state of being no longer needed or useful, often leading to a loss of a job because the position is gone. LV: atlaišana (štatu samazināšanas dēļ).The inclusion of extra components that are not strictly necessary but serve as a backup in case of(...)
Request for Proposals
RFP (noun/abbreviation): Stands for Request for Proposals. It is a formal business document that announces a project, describes it, and invites qualified vendors or contractors to submit bids to complete the work.synonyms: Tender, bid invitation, solicitation. translation: piedāvājuma(...)
RFP
RFP (noun/abbreviation): Stands for Request for Proposals. It is a formal business document that announces a project, describes it, and invites qualified vendors or contractors to submit bids to complete the work.synonyms: Tender, bid invitation, solicitation. translation: piedāvājuma(...)
reside
Reside (verb) /rɪˈzaɪd/Translations (LV)Dzīvot / mājot: Oficiālāks veids, kā pateikt "dzīvot".Atrasties / piemist: (Tehniski) Kur dati vai pilnvaras tiek glabātas vai atrodas.ExamplesGeneral: "The CEO currently resides in Riga, but she travels to the Brussels office(...)
resilience
resilience (noun): the capacity to recover quickly from difficulties; toughness. It is the ability of a person, system, or material to withstand or adapt to challenges and return to its original or improved state. synonyms: grit, fortitude, elasticity, perseverance pronunciation:(...)
responsible
Responsible (adjective) /rɪˈspɑːn.sə.bəl/:Having the duty of dealing with or taking care of something or someone. LV: atbildīgs, pienākumu nasta.Being the cause of something (usually something bad). LV: vainojams.(Of a person) Reliable and able to be trusted to do the right(...)
rub off on
rub off on (phrasal verb): to pass a quality, habit, or feeling to someone else through social contact or spending time together. synonyms: transfer to, affect, influence, catch. pronunciation: /rʌb ɒf ɒn/ translation: pielipt, pārņemt (kādu īpašību), ietekmēt example: I’m(...)
run very smoothly
run smoothly (verb phrase): to happen or develop without any problems, delays, or difficulties. synonyms: go well, work perfectly, operate easily, flow. pronunciation: /rʌn ˈvɛri ˈsmuːðli/ translation: noritēt ļoti gludi / darboties bez aizķeršanās example: The event was(...)
s
sap
sap (verb) /sæp/Similar to: drain; erode; weaken; exhaust; undermineDefinition: to gradually weaken someone’s strength, confidence, or energy over a period of time.Translation: izsmelt, novājināt, atņemt spēkusExamples: "Working long hours in the sun will quickly sap your(...)
see through
see through (phrasal verb) /siː θruː/This phrasal verb has two primary meanings: one related to detecting deception and the other to completing a commitment.1. To detect the truthTo realize that someone is telling a lie or to understand the true nature of a situation, despite(...)
Seek (verb)
Seek (verb) /siːk/Definition: to try to find something or to ask for something that you need. It is a more formal word for "look for."Translations: (LV) meklēt, tiekties pēc, lūgt (padomu/palīdzību)Examples:"The company is starting to seek new employees for the summer(...)
settle down
settle down (phrasal verb): to start living a quiet and calm life in one place, especially after getting married or buying a house. synonyms: establish oneself, put down roots, calm down. pronunciation: /ˈsɛtl daʊn/ translation: apmeties uz dzīviexample: After years of(...)
sheltered upbringing
sheltered upbringing (noun phrase): a childhood in which a person is protected too much from the unpleasant or difficult experiences of real life. synonyms: protected childhood, cushioned life pronunciation: /ˈʃeltəd ˈʌpˌbrɪŋɪŋ/ translation: siltumnīcas audzināšana / pārlieku(...)
shyness
shyness (noun): a feeling of being nervous or uncomfortable around other people. synonyms: bashfulness, modesty, reserve, sheepishness. pronunciation: /ˈʃaɪnəs/ translation: kautrīgums/ bijība example: His extreme shyness made it difficult for him to make new friends at(...)
skill
skill (noun) /skɪl/:The ability to do something well, usually gained through training or experience. LV: prasme, iemaņa, meistarība.Example sentences:Negotiating a fair deal requires a high level of skill and patience.She is trying to improve her technical skills by taking(...)
slacker
slacker (noun): a person who avoids work or effort; someone who is lazy or lacks focus and avoids their responsibilities. synonyms: idler, loafer, shirker, layabout. pronunciation: /ˈslækə/ translation: dīkdienis, sliņķis, "slaists" example: The rest of the team had to work(...)
sound
sound (noun) /saʊnd/: something that you hear.translations: skaņa, troksnisexamples: I love the sound of the ocean in the morning. Please turn down the sound on the television; it is too loud."***sound (verb) /saʊnd/: to seem or give a specific impression when you hear or(...)
spoofing
spoofing (noun) /ˈspuː.fɪŋ/A cyberattack where a person or program successfully identifies as another by falsifying data, to gain an illegitimate advantage. LV: krāpnieciska imitēšana, identitātes viltošana.In cybersecurity, spoofing is essentially "digital masquerading." The(...)
spring up
spring up (phrasal verb): to appear or develop suddenly and quickly. synonyms: pop up, emerge, mushroom, appear. pronunciation: /sprɪŋ ʌp/ translation: strauji parādīties, uzrasties example: new coffee shops and boutiques seem to spring up on every corner of the(...)
squalid
squalid (adjective): extremely dirty and unpleasant, especially as a result of poverty or neglect. synonyms: filthy, foul, wretched, sordid. pronunciation: /ˈskwɒlɪd/ translation: nožēlojams, netīrs, nolaists example: many people were forced to live in squalid conditions with(...)
steer away from
steer away from (phrasal verb): to avoid someone or something, or to change the direction of a conversation or action to avoid a specific topic or situation.synonyms: avoid, sidestep, evadepronunciation: /stɪər əˈweɪ frɒm/translation: izvairīties no, turēties pa gabalu no(...)
stick to your guns
stick to one's guns (idiom): to refuse to change your ideas, opinions, or decisions, even when other people are trying to persuade you that you are wrong. synonyms: stand your ground, hold firm, be steadfast, stay the course. pronunciation: /stɪk tuː jɔː ɡʌnz/ translation: palikt(...)
substantial
substantial (adjective): large in size, value, amount, or importance; also used to describe something that is strongly built or "solid."synonyms: considerable, significant, sizable, hefty, solid, meaningful. pronunciation: /səbˈstænʃl/ translation: būtisks, ievērojams, pamatīgs or(...)
suitable
suitable (adjective) /ˈsuː.tə.bəl/Translations (LV)Piemērots: Atbilstošs konkrētam mērķim vai personai.Atbilstošs: Tāds, kas der noteiktiem apstākļiem.Examples1. General Context"This hotel is suitable for families with young children.""We need to find(...)
surge
surge (noun/verb):As a noun: A sudden powerful forward or upward movement, especially by a crowd, a natural force (like water), or an electrical current.As a verb: To move suddenly and powerfully forward or upward; to increase suddenly.synonyms: (n) rush, flood, spike, outburst;(...)
t
take everything in one's stride
take everything/it all in your stride (idiom): to deal with problems or difficult situations calmly and easily, without letting them worry or upset you. synonyms: stay calm, cope well, handle with ease. pronunciation: /teɪks ˈevriθɪŋ ɪn ðeə straɪd/ translation: uztvert visu(...)
tamper with
Tamper with (phrasal verb) /ˈtæm.pɚ wɪð/:To touch or change something without permission, especially in order to damage it or change the results. LV: patvaļīgi mainīt, sabojāt, iejaukties.In a legal context, to interfere with a witness or evidence to change the outcome of a(...)
tariffs
tariff (noun):Trade: taxes imposed by a government on goods imported from other countries.Services: a list of fixed prices for services, such as electricity, public transport, or hotel rooms.synonyms: taxes, duties, levies, charges, fees. pronunciation:(...)
Tech
tech (noun / adjective): a common abbreviation for technology or technician. It is used to describe the industry, the tools, or the people working within fields like computing, engineering, and electronics.synonyms: technology, electronics, IT (Information Technology), machinery,(...)
tender
tender (noun/verb/adjective):As a noun (Business): A formal offer to carry out work, supply goods, or buy an asset at a stated fixed price.As a verb (Action): To formally offer or present something (e.g., to "tender a resignation" or "tender a payment").As an adjective (Feeling):(...)
tensions
tensions (noun, plural):Emotional/Social: feelings of worry, anger, or a lack of trust between people, groups, or countries that are in conflict.Physical: the state of being stretched tight, or a feeling of stiffness and pressure in the muscles.synonyms: (emotional) friction,(...)
the centre of attention
the centre of attention (idiom/noun phrase): a person or thing that everyone is looking at or interested in. synonyms: limelight, focal point, heart of the matterpronunciation: /ðə ˈsɛntər əv əˈtɛnʃən/ translation: uzmanības centrā example: Being quite shy, she hated being the(...)
though
though (conjunction / adverb) /ðoʊ/translations (LV)Lai gan / kaut arī: Izmanto, lai ieviestu faktu, kas padara teikuma galveno daļu pārsteidzošu.Tomēr / par spīti tam: Izmanto teikuma beigās, lai norādītu uz pretstatu iepriekš teiktajam.Examples"Though he is a native(...)
threat
Threat (noun) /θret/:A suggestion that something unpleasant or violent will happen, especially if a particular action or order is not followed. LV: draudi, piedraudējums.A person or thing likely to cause damage or danger. LV: apdraudējums.In computing, a potential danger that(...)
threaten
threaten (verb):General: to tell someone that you will kill or hurt them, or cause them problems, if they do not do what you want.Situational: to be a danger to something or to be likely to cause harm or a bad result.synonyms: endanger, imperil, intimidate, menace,(...)
treat
treat (verb/noun):As a verb: to behave toward or deal with someone in a particular way; or to give medical care to someone.As a noun: something special that you buy or do for someone (or yourself) that gives pleasure.synonyms: (v) handle, manage, attend to; (n) delight,(...)
triad
Triad (noun) /ˈtraɪ.æd/:A group or set of three connected people, things or ideas. LV: triāde, trijotne.In music, a chord consisting of three notes played together. LV: trijskaņa.A secret criminal organization, typically based in China or among Chinese communities. LV: triāde(...)
trilateral
trilateral (adjective):General: involving three groups, parties, or nations.Geometry: having three sides (though "triangular" is more common in everyday English).synonyms: three-way, tripartite, triple. pronunciation: /traɪˈlæt.ər.əl/ translation: trīspusējs example:(...)
u
upbeat
upbeat (adjective): positive, cheerful, and optimistic, especially about the future or a particular situation. synonyms: optimistic, hopeful, cheerypronunciation: /ˈʌpbiːt/ translation: optimistisks, mundrs, dzīvespriecīgs example: Despite the poor sales figures last month,(...)
utter
utter (adjective/verb):As an adjective: complete, absolute, or total (used for emphasis, often with negative nouns).As a verb: to make a sound with one's voice; to say something aloud.synonyms: (adj) total, sheer, downright; (v) speak, voice, pronounce. pronunciation:(...)
v
vulnerability
Vulnerability (noun) /ˌvʌl.nər.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/:The state of being exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed, either physically or emotionally. LV: ievainojamība, neaizsargātība.In computing, a weakness in a system or network that can be exploited by an attacker to gain(...)
w
weaken
weaken (verb) /ˈwiː.kən/Similar to: undermine; enfeeble; diminish; impair; sapDefinition: to make someone or something less strong, powerful, or effective; or to become less strong yourself.Translation: pavājināt, novājināt, kļūt vājākamExamples: "The constant rain started to(...)
willing
willing (adjective): ready, eager, or prepared to do something; not objecting to something. synonyms: prepared, ready pronunciation: /ˈwɪlɪŋ/ translation: gatavs (kaut ko darīt) / labprātīgs example: They are looking for a volunteer who is willing to work on(...)
c
cynic
cynic (noun): a person who believes that people are motivated purely by self-interest rather than honorable or unselfish reasons; someone who expects the worst of human nature. synonyms: skeptic, pessimist, misanthrope, doubter. pronunciation:(...)